Rankings / Social Mobility

Best Social Mobility Colleges for Physical Sciences

By David Krug, Co-Founder, CollegeRanker · Updated 2026-05-31 · 50 schools · Agent Insights

Schools Analyzed

$86,672

Avg. Earnings (10yr)

87%

Avg. Graduation Rate

$22,762

Avg. Net Price

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Choosing a college is a significant decision, especially for students interested in the physical sciences. The schools listed here excel in social mobility, helping students from diverse backgrounds achieve their career goals. With an average earning potential of $84,981, these institutions demonstrate a commitment to supporting their graduates' financial futures.

The schools in this ranking stand out based on key outcomes: earnings, graduation rates, debt levels, and overall social mobility. Each institution has been assessed for its ability to elevate students' socio-economic status, making this list a valuable resource for families seeking the best possible return on their educational investment. The completion rates are particularly telling, with an average of 85%, indicating that most students are successfully finishing their degrees.

For instance, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology leads with impressive earnings of $143,372, but its net price is $20,111 and debt averages $14,768. In contrast, Princeton University offers lower earnings at $110,066 but a much more manageable debt burden of $10,320. This highlights the trade-offs families may face between potential earnings and financial obligations when considering these top-tier institutions.

Key Findings

Princeton graduates earn an average of $110,066, with a remarkable 97% graduation rate.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduates have the highest earnings at $143,372, but face greater debt at $14,768.

The average graduation rate across these institutions is 85%, indicating strong completion support.

The average net price for these top schools stands at $14,664, showing varied affordability options.

Quick Numbers

Schools ranked 50

Avg. earnings at 10yr $86,672

Avg. graduation rate 87%

Avg. net price $22,762

Avg. median debt $17,050

How We Ranked

Ranked by social mobility with program concentration in Physical Sciences

Read our full methodology →

Earnings vs. Cost

Each dot is a ranked school. Up = higher earnings. Right = higher cost. Top-left is the best value.

Graduation Rates

Longer bars = higher graduation rate.

Top 3

Princeton University

Princeton, NJ

Graduation97%

Earnings$110,066

Net Price$6,128

View full profile →

Stanford University

Stanford, CA

Graduation92%

Earnings$124,080

Net Price$13,807

View full profile →

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Cambridge, MA

Graduation96%

Earnings$143,372

Net Price$20,111

View full profile →

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Full Rankings

Princeton University

Princeton, NJ · 5,709 students · Private nonprofit

With a staggering 97% graduation rate, Princeton University demonstrates a strong commitment to student success. The intimate size of the campus, home to just over 5,700 students, fosters close relationships between faculty and students, which many find invaluable in their academic journey. Here, you’re not just another face in the crowd; you become part of a vibrant community that prioritizes learning and personal growth.

5% accepted 97% graduate $110,066 earnings

Princeton's full profile

Stanford University

Stanford, CA · 7,554 students · Private nonprofit

Nestled in the heart of Silicon Valley, Stanford University offers unparalleled access to innovation and technology. With a diverse student body of over 7,500, the campus buzzes with ideas that push the boundaries of what's possible. The environment encourages collaboration between students from varied backgrounds, creating a rich tapestry of perspectives that enhances the learning experience.

4% accepted 92% graduate $124,080 earnings

Stanford's full profile

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Cambridge, MA · 4,535 students · Private nonprofit

At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, students are part of a legacy of groundbreaking research and innovation. The school’s emphasis on science and technology attracts some of the brightest minds, creating an atmosphere charged with intellectual energy. With a graduation rate of 96%, it’s clear that students not only thrive here academically but also find a supportive community that encourages exploration and inquiry.

5% accepted 96% graduate $143,372 earnings

Massachusetts's full profile

University of Chicago

Chicago, IL · 7,569 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 95% and median earnings of $91,885 a decade after enrollment, the University of Chicago demonstrates a strong commitment to student success and post-college outcomes. The small student body of 7,569 fosters a tight-knit community where students can engage deeply with faculty and peers in their academic pursuits.

4% accepted 95% graduate $91,885 earnings

University's full profile

Johns Hopkins University

Baltimore, MD · 5,693 students · Private nonprofit

Johns Hopkins University, known for its research excellence, boasts a graduation rate of 94% and median earnings of $87,555 at the ten-year mark. With a smaller student body of 5,693, students can benefit from personalized attention and mentorship from faculty who are leaders in their fields, particularly in the sciences and medical disciplines.

6% accepted 94% graduate $87,555 earnings

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, PA · 10,650 students · Private nonprofit

The University of Pennsylvania stands out with a remarkable 97% graduation rate and median earnings of $111,371 ten years post-graduation. This prestigious institution, located in Philadelphia, encourages a blend of rigorous academic challenges and vibrant extracurricular activities, ensuring that students are well-prepared for their future careers.

5% accepted 97% graduate $111,371 earnings

University's full profile

Rice University

Houston, TX · 4,776 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 95%, Rice University in Houston, TX, has a strong track record of student success. The school attracts a diverse group of learners, including 17% of students who receive Pell Grants, highlighting its commitment to accessibility alongside academic excellence.

8% accepted 95% graduate $89,718 earnings

Harvard University

Cambridge, MA · 7,601 students · Private nonprofit

Harvard University features a 97% graduation rate and median earnings of $101,817 a decade after graduation, showcasing its effectiveness in preparing students for high-achieving careers. Located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard’s rich history and extensive resources provide students with unparalleled opportunities for personal and professional growth in a competitive environment.

4% accepted 97% graduate $101,817 earnings

Harvard's full profile

Williams College

Williamstown, MA · 2,076 students · Private nonprofit

Williams College, nestled in Williamstown, MA, is known for its intimate learning environment with just 2,076 students, ensuring personalized attention from faculty. Like Rice, it maintains a 95% graduation rate, and 18% of its students receive Pell Grants, reflecting a commitment to a diverse student body that thrives in a close-knit community.

8% accepted 95% graduate $88,665 earnings

Williams's full profile

#10

Brown University

Providence, RI · 7,226 students · Private nonprofit

Located in Providence, RI, Brown University is renowned for its open curriculum that encourages students to take charge of their own education. With a graduation rate of 96%, it fosters an environment where creativity and critical thinking are at the forefront, attracting students eager to explore their passions.

5% accepted 96% graduate $93,487 earnings

Wellesley College

Wellesley, MA · 2,300 students · Private nonprofit

Wellesley College, in Wellesley, MA, has a strong reputation for empowering women through education. With a graduation rate of 91%, the college focuses on fostering leadership and intellectual growth among its 2,300 students, including a notable 21% who receive Pell Grants.

14% accepted 91% graduate $84,803 earnings

Wellesley's full profile

#12

California Institute of Technology

Pasadena, CA · 987 students · Private nonprofit

The California Institute of Technology, or Caltech, is an academic powerhouse known for its extraordinary focus on science and engineering. With just 987 students, the close-knit environment allows for personalized attention from faculty and hands-on learning opportunities that drive discovery. Graduating with a 94% rate, Caltech emphasizes not only academic excellence but also the importance of collaboration among peers in a stimulating atmosphere.

3% accepted 94% graduate $128,566 earnings

California's full profile

#13

Haverford College

Haverford, PA · 1,430 students · Private nonprofit

Haverford College, nestled in Haverford, Pennsylvania, is a small private nonprofit institution with only 1,430 students. With a 90% graduation rate, this college emphasizes academic rigor and a strong sense of community, attracting students who value collaboration and intellectual engagement in a supportive environment.

12% accepted 90% graduate $79,966 earnings

Haverford's full profile

#14

Bowdoin College

Brunswick, ME · 1,873 students · Private nonprofit

With a student body of about 1,873, Bowdoin College emphasizes a personalized education experience. The college's commitment to student success is reflected in its impressive 95% graduation rate, showing that most students are able to complete their degrees and make lasting connections along the way.

7% accepted 95% graduate $82,735 earnings

Bowdoin's full profile

#15

Pomona College

Claremont, CA · 1,666 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 93%, Pomona College in Claremont, California, shows a strong commitment to student success. The median earnings of $77,779 at ten years post-graduation indicate that graduates are well-prepared for the job market, reflecting the college's focus on academic rigor and support.

7% accepted 93% graduate $77,779 earnings

Pomona's full profile

#16

Amherst College

Amherst, MA · 1,911 students · Private nonprofit

Amherst College, located in Amherst, Massachusetts, boasts a 94% graduation rate among its 1,911 students, reflecting its commitment to student success. This private nonprofit college emphasizes a liberal arts education, fostering critical thinking and creativity in a close-knit community that encourages personal growth and academic achievement.

9% accepted 94% graduate $77,644 earnings

Amherst's full profile

#17

CUNY Hunter College

New York, NY · 16,289 students · Public

CUNY Hunter College is an attractive option for students looking to balance education with affordability. Located in the heart of New York City, it boasts a diverse student population and offers a vibrant urban experience that complements its academic programs. The college's acceptance rate of 54% means that many students can find a place here, especially those eager to seize opportunities in a dynamic environment.

54% accepted 59% graduate $63,163 earnings

Dartmouth College

Hanover, NH · 4,541 students · Private nonprofit

Dartmouth College has a close-knit community with just over 4,500 students, fostering strong relationships between faculty and peers. This intimate setting contributes to a high graduation rate of 96%, indicating that students find the support they need to succeed academically and personally.

5% accepted 96% graduate $97,434 earnings

Dartmouth's full profile

#19

Yale University

New Haven, CT · 6,758 students · Private nonprofit

Yale University combines a rich history with a dynamic, engaging campus life, drawing in around 6,758 students. The institution prides itself on its academic support, which is evident in its impressive 96% graduation rate, allowing students to explore their passions with guidance from dedicated faculty and advisors.

4% accepted 96% graduate $100,533 earnings

Columbia University in the City of New York

New York, NY · 8,973 students · Private nonprofit

Located in the heart of New York City, Columbia University offers a vibrant urban experience alongside rigorous academics. The school's graduation rate of 96% reflects its ability to support students as they navigate both the challenges of higher education and the complexities of city life.

4% accepted 96% graduate $102,491 earnings

Columbia's full profile

#21

Carnegie Mellon University

Pittsburgh, PA · 7,304 students · Private nonprofit

Located in Pittsburgh, Carnegie Mellon University is known for its strong emphasis on technology and the arts, achieving a graduation rate of 93%. Alumni enjoy a median salary of $114,862 after ten years, highlighting the university's ability to prepare students for lucrative careers in a variety of fields.

12% accepted 93% graduate $114,862 earnings

Carnegie's full profile

#22

Colby College

Waterville, ME · 2,407 students · Private nonprofit

Colby College in Waterville, Maine, is an appealing option for students seeking a close-knit academic community, reflected in its 89% graduation rate. The median earnings of $80,490 for graduates ten years out suggest that a degree from Colby opens many doors in the job market, particularly in fields that value critical thinking and collaboration.

7% accepted 89% graduate $80,490 earnings

Davidson College

Davidson, NC · 1,867 students · Private nonprofit

Davidson College, located in Davidson, North Carolina, is known for fostering a strong sense of community and academic excellence, illustrated by a graduation rate of 91%. Graduates earn a median salary of $81,400 ten years after finishing, which reflects the college's focus on liberal arts education that prepares students for a variety of career paths.

13% accepted 91% graduate $81,400 earnings

Davidson's full profile

#24

William & Mary

Williamsburg, VA · 7,055 students · Public

Nestled in historic Williamsburg, William & Mary is known for its beautiful campus and a tight-knit community of about 7,000 students. With an impressive 90% graduation rate, this public university emphasizes academic excellence and fosters a strong sense of belonging among its students.

34% accepted 90% graduate $73,490 earnings

William's full profile

#25

Emory University

Atlanta, GA · 7,298 students · Private nonprofit

Emory University in Atlanta is a vibrant institution that boasts a welcoming campus and strong academic programs, reflected in its 91% graduation rate. This private university attracts diverse students who are eager to engage in both academics and community service. With an acceptance rate of 11%, Emory cultivates an environment for motivated learners who seek to make an impact.

11% accepted 91% graduate $80,137 earnings

Washington and Lee University

Lexington, VA · 1,881 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 94%, Washington and Lee University cultivates a strong sense of community among its 1,881 students. Located in Lexington, Virginia, this private nonprofit school emphasizes a liberal arts education, blending rigorous academics with a vibrant campus life that encourages student engagement and leadership.

14% accepted 94% graduate $94,810 earnings

Washington's full profile

#27

Colgate University

Hamilton, NY · 3,180 students · Private nonprofit

Colgate University, nestled in the charming town of Hamilton, New York, offers a close-knit community with a 91% graduation rate. This private nonprofit institution attracts students who not only excel academically but also engage in a vibrant campus life. With a low acceptance rate of 14%, Colgate prioritizes a selective admissions process, ensuring a quality student body that values both education and connection.

14% accepted 91% graduate $85,139 earnings

Colgate's full profile

#28

Swarthmore College

Swarthmore, PA · 1,613 students · Private nonprofit

Swarthmore College, situated in Pennsylvania, is known for its rigorous academics and a graduation rate of 93%. With a small student body of 1,613, the college fosters an intimate learning atmosphere where students engage deeply with their studies and each other, promoting a collaborative spirit.

7% accepted 93% graduate $80,257 earnings

Swarthmore's full profile

#29

Carleton College

Northfield, MN · 2,086 students · Private nonprofit

Carleton College is known for its strong liberal arts education, nestled in the charming town of Northfield, Minnesota. With a graduation rate of 90% and an enrollment of just over 2,000 students, Carleton cultivates a collaborative environment that encourages critical thinking and intellectual growth.

20% accepted 90% graduate $75,525 earnings

Carleton's full profile

#30

New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

Socorro, NM · 995 students · Public

In the heart of Socorro, the New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology serves a close-knit community of just under 1,000 students. With a unique focus on engineering and the sciences, this school has a graduation rate of 57%, which, while lower than some might hope, reflects the rigorous nature of its programs and the commitment required from its students.

44% accepted 57% graduate $76,489 earnings

Smith College

Northampton, MA · 2,544 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 89%, Smith College in Northampton, MA, is a place where students are supported to succeed. The school emphasizes a liberal arts education, encouraging critical thinking and collaboration in a vibrant community of 2,544 students. It's a unique environment that combines academic rigor with a commitment to women's leadership and empowerment.

21% accepted 89% graduate $64,027 earnings

Bates College

Lewiston, ME · 1,760 students · Private nonprofit

With a 90% graduation rate, Bates College in Lewiston, Maine, cultivates a strong academic environment for its 1,760 students. The school emphasizes a liberal arts education that encourages critical thinking and creativity, preparing graduates for a variety of successful career paths.

13% accepted 90% graduate $69,498 earnings

Grinnell College

Grinnell, IA · 1,729 students · Private nonprofit

Grinnell College in Grinnell, IA, is home to 1,729 students who benefit from an 88% graduation rate. The college is noted for its commitment to social justice and a collaborative learning environment. Students here engage deeply with their studies and each other, fostering a strong sense of community and shared purpose.

15% accepted 88% graduate $62,830 earnings

Grinnell's full profile

#34

Lafayette College

Easton, PA · 2,757 students · Private nonprofit

At Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania, students can look forward to a solid education that leads to a median earning of $91,410 ten years after graduation. With an 88% graduation rate and a student body of 2,757, Lafayette combines a vibrant campus life with academic rigor, making it an attractive choice for many prospective students.

31% accepted 88% graduate $91,410 earnings

Lafayette's full profile

#35

Harvey Mudd College

Claremont, CA · 921 students · Private nonprofit

Located in the picturesque Claremont area, Harvey Mudd College is a gem for those passionate about STEM fields. With a small student body of just 921 students and a graduation rate of 93%, the college fosters a tight-knit environment where students can thrive both academically and personally.

13% accepted 93% graduate $138,687 earnings

Harvey's full profile

#36

Middlebury College

Middlebury, VT · 2,738 students · Private nonprofit

With a graduation rate of 92%, Middlebury College in Vermont demonstrates a strong commitment to student success. The intimate campus environment supports just over 2,700 students, fostering close connections with faculty and peers that enrich the academic experience.

11% accepted 92% graduate $76,310 earnings

Middlebury's full profile

#37

Hamilton College

Clinton, NY · 2,030 students · Private nonprofit

Hamilton College, located in Clinton, NY, serves a community of around 2,030 students with a graduation rate of 91%. The college is known for its flexible curriculum that promotes independent learning and deep engagement in a variety of subjects. This personalized approach nurtures students' interests and prepares them for a wide range of careers.

14% accepted 91% graduate $78,411 earnings

Hamilton's full profile

#38

CUNY Medgar Evers College

Brooklyn, NY · 3,233 students · Public

CUNY Medgar Evers College is a vibrant part of Brooklyn's educational landscape, catering to a diverse student body with a focus on community engagement. While the graduation rate is lower at 21%, the college actively works to support students from various backgrounds, making it a welcoming choice for many.

86% accepted 21% graduate $46,498 earnings

Missouri University of Science and Technology

Rolla, MO · 5,521 students · Public

Known for its strong emphasis on STEM fields, Missouri University of Science and Technology attracts students aiming for careers in technology and engineering. With a graduation rate of 64% and a vibrant campus life, it provides the support needed for students to flourish in their studies and beyond.

73% accepted 64% graduate $82,957 earnings

Missouri's full profile

#40

Colorado College

Colorado Springs, CO · 2,014 students · Private nonprofit

18% accepted 87% graduate $65,222 earnings

Colorado's full profile

#41

University of Rochester

Rochester, NY · 6,331 students · Private nonprofit

40% accepted 85% graduate $79,042 earnings

University's full profile

#42

Wesleyan University

Middletown, CT · 3,067 students · Private nonprofit

Wesleyan University, located in Middletown, Connecticut, is a vibrant hub for artistic and intellectual expression, welcoming over 3,000 students. With a graduation rate of 92%, Wesleyan emphasizes critical thinking and creativity, making it ideal for students who want to explore diverse fields of study.

16% accepted 92% graduate $73,897 earnings

Wesleyan's full profile

#43

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Troy, NY · 5,714 students · Private nonprofit

63% accepted 83% graduate $102,051 earnings

Rensselaer's full profile

#44

SUNY College at Geneseo

Geneseo, NY · 3,869 students · Public

66% accepted 72% graduate $67,316 earnings

Pacific Lutheran University

Tacoma, WA · 2,401 students · Private nonprofit

78% accepted 70% graduate $66,990 earnings

Pacific's full profile

#46

College of the Holy Cross

Worcester, MA · 3,106 students · Private nonprofit

18% accepted 88% graduate $90,543 earnings

College's full profile

#47

California State University Maritime Academy

Vallejo, CA · 804 students · Public

95% accepted 63% graduate $94,784 earnings

California's full profile

#48

Whitman College

Walla Walla, WA · 1,531 students · Private nonprofit

38% accepted 81% graduate $67,589 earnings

Whitman's full profile

#49

University of Mary Washington

Fredericksburg, VA · 3,566 students · Public

80% accepted 67% graduate $60,613 earnings

University's full profile

#50

Bryn Mawr College

Bryn Mawr, PA · 1,359 students · Private nonprofit

29% accepted 84% graduate $75,217 earnings

When comparing schools, it’s important to highlight how different programs can lead to different outcomes. For example, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has the highest average earnings at $143,372, but it also has a higher debt load of $14,768. In contrast, Princeton University, while offering lower earnings of $110,066, has a much lower average debt of $10,320. This suggests that students prioritizing lower debt may lean towards Princeton, while those focused on maximizing earnings might consider MIT.

After reviewing these 50 schools, think about what matters most to you. Are you looking for a specific location, a certain program fit, or a campus culture that feels right? Weigh these personal priorities against the data. For instance, if financial stability is your top concern, you might lean towards schools with lower debt levels, even if their potential earnings are slightly lower.

Ultimately, these figures reflect the journey from college to career. A degree can provide a pathway to a stable life, but choices made today impact future opportunities. For families navigating this decision, understanding how each school impacts potential earnings and debt can make a significant difference. One family’s choice could lead to financial security or struggle, underscoring the importance of informed decision-making.

Data Sources

U.S. Dept of Education College Scorecard

Opportunity Insights Mobility Report Card

Social Capital Atlas

Times Higher Education World Rankings

NCES IPEDS

Sources & Citations

[1]

Chetty, R., Friedman, J., Saez, E., Turner, N., & Yagan, D. (2017). Mobility Report Cards: The Role of Colleges in Intergenerational Mobility. NBER Working Paper No. 23618. →

[2]

Chetty, R., Jackson, M., Kuchler, T., et al. (2022). Social Capital I: Measurement and Associations with Economic Mobility. Nature, 608, 108-121. →

[3]

U.S. Department of Education. College Scorecard Data. Federal Student Aid, National Center for Education Statistics. →

David Krug

Co-Founder, CollegeRanker

David Krug is the co-founder of CollegeRanker and a data systems architect focused on making institutional research accessible to families. He builds the data pipelines and ranking algorithms that power CollegeRanker, drawing from federal datasets and Raj Chetty's Opportunity Insights research to measure what traditional rankings ignore: whether a college actually changes a family's economic trajectory.

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